{"id":41341,"date":"2023-01-03T15:30:53","date_gmt":"2023-01-03T14:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/financer.com\/cz\/?post_type=wiki&p=41341"},"modified":"2024-01-18T01:17:16","modified_gmt":"2024-01-18T00:17:16","slug":"co-je-crowdfunding","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/financer.com\/cz\/wiki\/co-je-crowdfunding\/","title":{"rendered":"Crowdfunding"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Podniky obvykle z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed kapit\u00e1l prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tradi\u010dn\u00edch bank<\/a>, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b prodejem sv\u00fdch akci\u00ed <\/a>na burze. Tento model ji\u017e funguje des\u00edtky let a je osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Popularitu v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b v\u0161ak z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu. <\/strong>Ten vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nov\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch trend\u016f a online n\u00e1stroj\u016f ke spojov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed, tedy potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch investor\u016f, s podnikateli.<\/p>\n\n\n Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b je to pro ob\u011b z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany skv\u011bl\u00e1 mo\u017enost, jak vyd\u011blat pen\u00edze<\/a>. Crowdfunding se p\u0159itom nevyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jen p\u0159i financov\u00e1n\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/strong> mohou se prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u011bj financovat i r\u016fzn\u00e9 neinvesti\u010dn\u00ed projekty, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad politick\u00e9 kampan\u011b nebo charita.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pojem crowdfunding poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze spojen\u00ed slov crowd a funding. <\/strong>V doslovn\u00e9m p\u0159ekladu bychom jej mohli p\u0159elo\u017eit tak\u00e9 jako ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 nebo hromadn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e vlastn\u011b i crowdfunding znamen\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingu, zn\u00e1m\u00e9m na z\u00e1pad\u011b i jako kickstarter, <\/strong>m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed podnikatel nebo podnik na za\u010d\u00e1tku podnik\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edskat po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l, kter\u00fd pot\u0159ebuje k rozvoji nebo spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9ho podnik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n Existuje ale i n\u011bkolik neinvesti\u010dn\u00edch projekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed crowdfunding.<\/strong> Jde nap\u0159\u00edklad o um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla, inovace, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b r\u016fzn\u00e9 charitativn\u00ed a filantropick\u00e9 iniciativy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tv\u016frci mus\u00ed svou my\u0161lenkou zaujmout dav lid\u00ed, <\/strong>kter\u00fd ji bude financovat. Z\u00e1kladem je tak dobr\u00e1 kampa\u0148 \u010di ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 v\u00fdzva. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Lid\u00e9 tak budou ochotni za dan\u00fd produkt \u010di slu\u017ebu zaplatit i n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f dop\u0159edu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 tak z\u00edskaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 slevy, limitovan\u00e9 edice a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Crowdfunding funguje tak, \u017ee lid\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky projekt\u016fm nebo n\u00e1pad\u016fm, kter\u00e9 je zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed. <\/strong>Tyto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky se obvykle skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z mal\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stek od mnoha lid\u00ed a jsou sb\u00edr\u00e1ny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingov\u00fdch platforem.<\/p>\n\n\n Na druh\u00e9 pokud se c\u00edlovou \u010d\u00e1stku nepoda\u0159\u00ed vybrat, <\/strong>dostanou jednotliv\u00ed mal\u00ed investo\u0159i sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze zp\u011bt a projekt nen\u00ed zafinancov\u00e1n. Platforma m\u00e1 tak za \u00fakol zajistit propojen\u00ed mezi investory a podnikateli s n\u00e1pady.<\/p>\n\n\n Proto\u017ee crowdfunding jako takov\u00fd m\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed, <\/strong>existuje i n\u011bkolik jeho druh\u016f. Jak jsme ji\u017e nast\u00ednili, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed crowdfundingu je na investi\u010dn\u00ed a neinvesti\u010dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Investi\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding se je\u0161t\u011b rozd\u011bluje na kapit\u00e1lov\u00fd a dluhov\u00fd. <\/strong>No a neinvesti\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding zn\u00e1me charitativn\u00ed a crowdfunding zalo\u017een\u00fd na b\u00e1zi dar\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n U neinvesti\u010dn\u00edch crowdfunding\u016f nezhodnocujete sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze, ale podporujete ur\u010dit\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 projekty,<\/strong> p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pom\u00e1h\u00e1te m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm um\u011blc\u016fm vyd\u00e1vat sv\u00e1 d\u00edla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0158ad\u00edme sem nap\u0159\u00edklad charitativn\u00ed crowdfunding.<\/strong> V jeho p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jde o v\u00fdb\u011br pen\u011bz na jak\u00fdkoli crowdfundingov\u00fd projekt, ze kter\u00e9ho lid\u00e9 nebudou m\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed profit.<\/p>\n\n\n Dal\u0161\u00edm neinvesti\u010dn\u00edm crowdfundingem je crowdfunding na b\u00e1zi dar\u016f. <\/strong>V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b lid\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed na projekt a za sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek obvykle obdr\u017e\u00ed produkt nebo slu\u017ebu, na kterou jste se vlastn\u011b skl\u00e1dali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Chcete-li vyd\u011blat pen\u00edze<\/a> nebo zhodnotit sv\u00e9 \u00faspory<\/a>, je t\u0159eba vyu\u017e\u00edt investi\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding. Sem \u0159ad\u00edme tak\u00e9 takzvan\u00fd kapit\u00e1lov\u00fd crowdfunding. <\/strong>P\u0159i n\u011bm mal\u00ed investo\u0159i prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm crowdfundingov\u00e9 plarformy investuj\u00ed do neve\u0159ejn\u011b obchodovateln\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Dal\u0161\u00edm investi\u010dn\u00edm crowdfundingem je dluhov\u00fd crowdfunding. <\/strong>Tento crowdfunding zahrnuje n\u011bkolik typ\u016f p\u016fj\u010dek, mezi nimi jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad: dluhopisy<\/a>, P2P p\u016fj\u010dky<\/a>, neproplacen\u00e9 faktury a konvertibiln\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed certifik\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n I v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spojuje investory s podniky crowdfundingov\u00e1 platforma. <\/strong>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se vybere v r\u00e1mci dan\u00e9 investice dostatek pen\u011bz, bude n\u00e1sledn\u011b zrealizov\u00e1na. Investo\u0159i z\u00edskaj\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zhodnocen\u00ed a podniku se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1klady na obsluhu dluhu.<\/p>\n\n\n Dluhopisy <\/a>\u2013 <\/strong>jsou dluhov\u00e9 instrumenty, jejich\u017e vznikem za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 spole\u010dnosti z\u00e1vazek v\u016f\u010di jej\u00edm investor\u016fm. V\u017edy jsou charakterizov\u00e1ny objemem, \u00farokovou m\u00edrou, jako\u017e i datem splatnosti. D\u00e9lka investice je obvykle 1-5 let, v\u00fdnosy se pohybuj\u00ed v jednotk\u00e1ch procent ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n<\/li> P2P p\u016fj\u010dky \u2013 <\/strong> Financov\u00e1n\u00ed faktur \u2013 <\/strong>men\u0161\u00ed podniky maj\u00ed obvykle se sv\u00fdmi dodavateli nastavenou ur\u010ditou dobu splatnosti faktur. Za \u00fa\u010delem zachov\u00e1n\u00ed zdrav\u00e9ho pen\u011b\u017en\u00edho toku se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee dodavatel obr\u00e1tit na crowdfundingovou platformu, kter\u00e1 je zam\u011b\u0159ena na financov\u00e1n\u00ed faktur, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e prod\u00e1 nezaplacenou fakturu t\u0159et\u00ed stran\u011b, tedy investor\u016fm, a to za drobn\u00fd poplatek. Ti pozd\u011bji inkasuj\u00ed zisk. D\u00e9lka investice je n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/li> Konvertibiln\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed certifik\u00e1ty \u2013<\/strong> jedn\u00e1 se o dluhov\u00fd instrument, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt bu\u010f k jeho splacen\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b \u00farokov\u00e9ho v\u00fdnosu. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b k jeho konverzi do z\u00e1kladn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu ve spole\u010dnosti, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e podm\u00ednky jsou p\u0159edem dan\u00e9. Dluhov\u00e1 investice se tak zm\u011bn\u00ed na kapit\u00e1lovou, proto konvertibiln\u00ed. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f m\u016f\u017eete po\u010d\u00edtat s hodnocen\u00ed n\u011bkolik jednotek procent ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n Crowdfunding v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se v posledn\u00edch letech stal st\u00e1le popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou, jak z\u00edskat finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky <\/strong>na r\u016fzn\u00e9 projekty. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Nej\u010dast\u011bji se u n\u00e1s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tzv. crowdfunding na b\u00e1zi dar\u016f, <\/strong>p\u0159i kter\u00e9m d\u00e1rci z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed odm\u011bnu v podob\u011b produktu nebo slu\u017eby, pokud se projektu poda\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskat pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Crowdfunding v \u010cR za\u010dal rapidn\u011b rozkv\u00e9tat v roce 2014,<\/strong> kdy byla spu\u0161t\u011bna prvn\u00ed specializovan\u00e1 platforma Hithit.cz.<\/strong> Od t\u00e9 doby se na \u010desk\u00e9m trhu objevily dal\u0161\u00ed platformy jako Startova\u010d.cz<\/strong>, Crowdberry.com<\/strong> nebo Fundlift.cz<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n Crowdfunding v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se jev\u00ed jako velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 mo\u017enost,<\/strong> jak z\u00edskat finan\u010dn\u00ed podporu pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 projekty. Jeho popularita st\u00e1le roste a v budoucnu je tedy pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se stane st\u00e1le v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch aktivit v zemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Investice do crowdfundingov\u00fdch projekt\u016f mohou generovat v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u0159ijateln\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy,<\/strong> jednozna\u010dn\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e st\u00e1tn\u00ed cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry<\/a> nebo klasick\u00e9 spo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty.<\/p>\n\n\n V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b byste se ale m\u011bli tak\u00e9 nau\u010dit n\u011bco o tom, jak dan\u00e1 platforma funguje,<\/strong> a jak ji spr\u00e1vn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat. V tom v\u00e1m pomohou na\u0161e recenze i zku\u0161enosti na\u0161ich n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\nCo je crowdfunding?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Jak funguje crowdfunding?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Crowdfunding krok za krokem<\/h3>
Druhy crowdfundingu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Neinvesti\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Investi\u010dn\u00ed crowdfunding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\na P2P platform\u00e1ch <\/a>jsou propojov\u00e1ni investo\u0159i s podniky, kter\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed. Podniky t\u00edm z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farokovou sazbu ne\u017e by z\u00edskaly v bank\u00e1ch, a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b investo\u0159i mohou z\u00edskat zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zhodnocen\u00ed ne\u017e kdyby nechaj\u00ed pen\u00edze na spo\u0159ic\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu<\/a>. Zhodnocen\u00ed na P2P platform\u00e1ch se pohybuje od n\u011bkolika procent a\u017e po des\u00edtky procent.<\/p>\n<\/li>Crowdfunding \u010cR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u010cesk\u00fd crowdfunding<\/h3>Crowdfunding se v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice setkal s velk\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bchem a stal se cennou alternativou k tradi\u010dn\u00edm zp\u016fsob\u016fm z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad \u00fav\u011br od banky nebo podpora od investor\u016f.\nMezi nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed projekty pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdvoj kompaktn\u00edho 3D tisk\u00e1rny Modix<\/strong> \nebo v\u00fdroba prvn\u00edho \u010desk\u00e9ho lezeck\u00e9ho simul\u00e1toru.<\/strong><\/div>\n\n\n
Crowdfunding investice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Dostupn\u00e9 crowdfundingov\u00e9 platformy v \u010cR<\/h3>\n
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