{"id":11776,"date":"2020-08-05T11:00:47","date_gmt":"2020-08-05T09:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/financer.com\/sk\/?page_id=11776"},"modified":"2024-01-23T12:28:32","modified_gmt":"2024-01-23T11:28:32","slug":"exekucna-amnestia","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/financer.com\/sk\/wiki\/exekucna-amnestia\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je to exeku\u010dn\u00e1 amnestia?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n

Ste povinn\u00fdm dl\u017en\u00edkom alebo pr\u00e1voplatn\u00fdm verite\u013eom a zauj\u00edma v\u00e1s, ako prebieha exeku\u010dn\u00e1 amnestia? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na ak\u00e9 exek\u00facie sa vz\u0165ahuje a\u00a0na ak\u00e9 naopak nie?<\/strong> Pozastavenie exek\u00faci\u00ed m\u00e1 svoje plusy, ale aj odporcov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exek\u00facie a\u00a0s\u00a0nimi s\u00favisiace exeku\u010dn\u00e9 konania nie s\u00fa v\u00a0r\u00e1mci Slovenskej republiky \u017eiadnou nezn\u00e1mou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aktu\u00e1lne \u010d\u00edsla odhaduj\u00fa, \u017ee po\u010det obyvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed vo\u010di sebe maj\u00fa veden\u00fa exek\u00faciu, je na Slovensku takmer mili\u00f3n<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehovoriac o\u00a0tom, \u017ee vo\u010di ka\u017ed\u00e9mu jednotlivcovi m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 exeku\u010dn\u00fdch konan\u00ed veden\u00fdch s\u00fabe\u017ene viacero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f4vodom pre\u010do \u0161t\u00e1t m\u00f4\u017ee uva\u017eova\u0165 o\u00a0hromadnom pozastaven\u00ed star\u0161\u00edch exek\u00faci\u00ed je, \u017ee existuje ve\u013emi n\u00edzka pravdepodobnos\u0165 ich vym\u00e1hania. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otvoren\u00e9 konania za\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa s\u00fadny syst\u00e9m<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9mu t\u00fdm z\u00e1rove\u0148 br\u00e1nia v\u00a0plnen\u00ed svojej funkcie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exeku\u010dn\u00e1 amnestia so sebou ale prin\u00e1\u0161a aj ot\u00e1zku mor\u00e1lneho h\u013eadiska a\u00a0tie\u017e to, \u010di zru\u0161enie exek\u00faci\u00ed v\u00a0kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku do bud\u00facna neprinesie len vytvorenie \u010fal\u0161\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako vznik\u00e1 exek\u00facia?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Exek\u00facia predstavuje n\u00faten\u00fd v\u00fdkon s\u00fadnych alebo in\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed<\/strong> a nast\u00e1va pri dlhodobom neplnen\u00ed si finan\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov vo\u010di konkr\u00e9tnym verite\u013eom. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fdmi s\u00fa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie in\u0161tit\u00facie ako Soci\u00e1lna \u010di \u0161t\u00e1tom vlastnen\u00e1 zdravotn\u00e1 pois\u0165ov\u0148a V\u0161ZP, bankov\u00e9 alebo nebankov\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti \u010di policajn\u00fd zbor Slovenskej republiky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4\u017ee sa v\u0161ak jedna\u0165 o\u00a0ak\u00fdko\u013evek pr\u00e1vnick\u00fd subjekt a\u00a0takisto aj fyzick\u00fa osobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Vym\u00e1hanie exek\u00facie je veden\u00e9 prostredn\u00edctvom exek\u00fatora, ktor\u00fdm je osoba z\u00e1konom poveren\u00e1 na tieto \u00fakony. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do exeku\u010dn\u00e9ho konania sa m\u00f4\u017eete dosta\u0165 vtedy, ke\u010f nebudete reagova\u0165 na v\u00fdzvy o\u00a0spl\u00e1can\u00ed svojho dlhu <\/strong>a\u00a0verite\u013e, ktor\u00e9mu nezaplat\u00edte, sa s\u00a0takouto po\u017eiadavkou obr\u00e1ti na s\u00fad. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0exek\u00facii sa m\u00f4\u017eete jednoducho ocitn\u00fa\u0165 napr\u00edklad aj v\u010faka svojej nepozornosti \u010di \u013eahostajnosti a\u00a0\u010dastokr\u00e1t sa nemus\u00ed jedna\u0165 o\u00a0vysok\u00fa sumu<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

No existuj\u00fa aj pr\u00edpady pohybuj\u00face sa vo vysok\u00fdch \u010diastkach, alebo chronick\u00ed neplati\u010di \u00fa\u010dtov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako prebieha vym\u00e1hanie exek\u00facie?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Za\u010d\u00edna v\u00a0momente, kedy verite\u013e upovedom\u00ed pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd s\u00fadny org\u00e1n, ktor\u00fd dan\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu pos\u00fadi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak s\u00fad nevid\u00ed \u017eiadny d\u00f4vod na zamietnutie \u017eiadosti o\u00a0exek\u00facie, je povinn\u00fd do 15 dn\u00ed upovedomi\u0165 exek\u00fatora<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd zah\u00e1ji vym\u00e1hanie vzniknut\u00e9ho dlhu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ten m\u00f4\u017ee exek\u00faciu vykon\u00e1va\u0165 iba riadnymi sp\u00f4sobmi, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa presne definovan\u00e9 z\u00e1konom a\u00a0uveden\u00e9 v\u00a0takzvanom exeku\u010dnom poriadku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako teda exek\u00fator zabezpe\u010d\u00ed z\u00edskanie dlhovan\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00fdch prostriedkov sp\u00e4\u0165 v\u00a0prospech verite\u013ea<\/strong>? Mo\u017en\u00fdch sp\u00f4sobov je viac a\u00a0jedn\u00e1 sa napr\u00edklad o:<\/p>\n\n\n

<\/h3>
  • Kr\u00e1tenie mzdy a\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edjmov<\/li>
  • Predaj hnute\u013en\u00e9ho a\u00a0nehnute\u013en\u00e9ho majetku<\/li>
  • Predaj cenn\u00fdch papierov<\/li>
  • Predaj podniku<\/li>
  • Rozdelenie spolo\u010dnej veci<\/li>
  • Vypratanie nehnute\u013enosti v\u00a0prospech verite\u013ea<\/li>
  • Uskuto\u010dnenie pr\u00e1c a\u00a0v\u00fdkonov<\/li>
  • Zadr\u017eanie opr\u00e1vnen\u00ed a\u00a0dokumentov<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n

    Exek\u00fator si konkr\u00e9tny sp\u00f4sob vym\u00e1hania zvol\u00ed po d\u00f4kladnom pre\u0161tudovan\u00ed pr\u00edpadu a\u00a0type vedenej exek\u00facie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Rozhoduje sa aj na z\u00e1klade prejdenia si majetkov\u00fdch pomerov dl\u017en\u00edka<\/strong> a\u00a0faktu, \u010di je exek\u00facia vykon\u00e1van\u00e1 na z\u00e1klade pr\u00edkazu obce, policajn\u00e9ho zboru, bankovej alebo nebankovej in\u0161tit\u00facie, platobn\u00e9ho pr\u00edkazu alebo rozsudku ur\u010den\u00e9ho s\u00fadom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u010co je to exeku\u010dn\u00e1 amnestia?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Jedn\u00e1 sa o pozastavenie star\u0161\u00edch exek\u00faci\u00ed<\/strong> za \u00fa\u010delom odbremenenia s\u00fadov a\u00a0zlep\u0161enia vym\u00e1hania pr\u00e1va, \u013eudovo naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 aj ako exeku\u010dn\u00e1 amnestia. Je navrhovan\u00e9 a schva\u013eovan\u00e9 parlamentom. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Vl\u00e1da Slovenskej republiky e\u0161te v\u00a0minulom roku schv\u00e1lila z\u00e1kon \u010d. 233\/2019 Z. z.<\/strong> o ukon\u010den\u00ed niektor\u00fdch exeku\u010dn\u00fdch konan\u00ed a o zmene a doplnen\u00ed niektor\u00fdch z\u00e1konov, ktor\u00fd nadobudol platnos\u0165 od 1. 1. 2020.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

    Z\u00e1kon v\u0161ak s\u00fa\u010dasne zav\u00e1dza aj mo\u017enos\u0165 poda\u0165 op\u00e4tovn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh na obnovenie exeku\u010dn\u00e9ho konania<\/strong>, to sa v\u0161ak u\u017e mus\u00ed riadi\u0165 nariadeniami, ktor\u00e9 ur\u010duje pr\u00e1ve novoprijat\u00fd z\u00e1kon. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    V\u00a0praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee aj ke\u010f by bola va\u0161a exek\u00facia zru\u0161en\u00e1, pr\u00e1voplatn\u00fd verite\u013e ju m\u00f4\u017ee za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podmienok op\u00e4\u0165 obnovi\u0165. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    To ist\u00e9 plat\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee ste verite\u013eom vy a\u00a0exeku\u010dn\u00e9 konanie vo\u010di v\u00e1\u0161mu dl\u017en\u00edkovi bolo pozastaven\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ako to funguje v\u00a0praxi?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Z\u00e1kon o\u00a0ukon\u010den\u00ed exek\u00faci\u00ed sa vz\u0165ahuje na v\u0161etky exek\u00facie, ktor\u00e9 boli za\u010dat\u00e9 e\u0161te pred d\u00e1tumom 1. 4. 2017 <\/strong>a\u00a0prebiehali v\u00a0d\u013a\u017eke minim\u00e1lne 5 rokov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u010ealej je po\u017eadovan\u00e9, aby v\u00a0r\u00e1mci danej exek\u00facie nebolo za obdobie posledn\u00fdch 18 mesiacov dl\u017en\u00edkom uhraden\u00fdch aspo\u0148 15 EUR<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ak teda m\u00e1te, alebo vediete exek\u00faciu vo\u010di konaniu, ktor\u00e9 prebieha viac ako 5 rokov, bolo za\u010dat\u00e9 pred uveden\u00fdm d\u00e1tumom a\u00a0za posledn\u00fd rok a\u00a0pol sa nevymohlo viac ako 15 EUR, exek\u00facia bude z\u00e1konom pozastaven\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

    Z\u00e1konom s\u00fa rozli\u0161ovan\u00e9 aj v\u00fdnimky. Ukon\u010denie exeku\u010dn\u00fdch konan\u00ed sa nevz\u0165ahuje<\/strong> na pr\u00edpady vym\u00e1hania platenia v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9ho na die\u0165a \u010di dopravn\u00fdch priestupkov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tak\u00e9to exek\u00facie zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa v\u00a0platnosti aj po 5 rokoch svojho trvania. V\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee ste dl\u017en\u00edkom a va\u0161a exek\u00facia nespad\u00e1 medzi v\u00fdnimky, pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd exek\u00fator by v\u00e1s mal do 180 dn\u00ed s\u00e1m kontaktova\u0165 upovedomen\u00edm o\u00a0zastaven\u00ed exek\u00facie<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Z\u00e1kon mu v\u0161ak nebr\u00e1ni v\u00a0bud\u00facnosti exek\u00faciu znovu obnovi\u0165 a nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa o\u00a0exeku\u010dn\u00e9 trovy a\u00a0\u00faroky ju znovu vym\u00e1ha\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u010co ak ste verite\u013eom vy?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Prijat\u00e9 opatrenia ur\u010dite nepote\u0161ia \u017eiadneho verite\u013ea, ktor\u00fd sa aj napriek pou\u017eitiu z\u00e1konn\u00fdch prostriedkov nedok\u00e1\u017ee dosta\u0165 k\u00a0 pr\u00e1voplatne priznan\u00fdm financi\u00e1m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pokia\u013e aj vami vym\u00e1han\u00e1 exek\u00facia spad\u00e1 do skupiny ukon\u010den\u00fdch, exek\u00fator je povinn\u00fd v\u00e1s o\u00a0jej ukon\u010den\u00ed upovedomi\u0165 v\u00a0lehote 120 dn\u00ed<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Spolu s\u00a0upovedomen\u00edm v\u0161ak od v\u00e1s bude \u017eiada\u0165 aj uhradenie exeku\u010dn\u00fdch trovov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pau\u0161\u00e1lne stanoven\u00e9 vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 35 EUR bez DPH<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pokia\u013e t\u00fato \u010diastku neuhrad\u00edte, exek\u00fator m\u00f4\u017ee nesk\u00f4r za\u010da\u0165 samostatn\u00e9 konanie aj vo\u010di v\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pre verite\u013eov je preferovanej\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom zbavenia sa exek\u00facie prostredn\u00edctvom osobn\u00e9ho bankrotu dl\u017en\u00edka<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee prebieha\u0165 dvoma sp\u00f4sobmi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Dl\u017en\u00edk po splnen\u00ed podmienok m\u00f4\u017ee prist\u00fapi\u0165 na konkurzn\u00e9 konanie<\/strong>, kedy sa zbav\u00ed svojich dlhov t\u00fdm, \u017ee pr\u00edde o\u00a0svoj majetok a\u00a0prostredn\u00edctvom jeho predaja bude dlh financovan\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Druhou mo\u017enos\u0165ou je nastavenie spl\u00e1tkov\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1ra<\/strong>, kedy si dl\u017en\u00edk zachov\u00e1 svoj majetok a\u00a0exek\u00faciu spl\u00e1ca po men\u0161\u00edch \u010dastiach.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kedy za\u010dne exeku\u010dn\u00e1 amnestia?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Pozastavovanie star\u0161\u00edch exeku\u010dn\u00fdch konan\u00ed v\u00a0praxi uk\u00e1zalo mnoh\u00e9 nedostatky a\u00a0z\u00a0toho d\u00f4vodu by mala by\u0165 pripravovan\u00e1 noveliz\u00e1cia a\u00a0\u00faprava u\u017e existuj\u00faceho z\u00e1kona. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00e1 by mala stanovi\u0165 presn\u00e9 podmienky oslobodenia dl\u017en\u00edka od exek\u00facie v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee uhrad\u00ed \u010das\u0165 svojho dlhu vypl\u00fdvaj\u00faceho zo starej exek\u00facie<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Upravova\u0165 by sa t\u00fdm mali hlavne exek\u00facie veden\u00e9 in\u0161tit\u00faciami \u0161t\u00e1tnej spr\u00e1vy, ak\u00fdmi je napr\u00edklad Soci\u00e1lna pois\u0165ov\u0148a alebo zdravotn\u00e1 pois\u0165ov\u0148a V\u0161ZP.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

    \u0160t\u00e1t by tak\u00fdmto krokom s\u00edce musel zo svojej kasy financova\u0165 exeku\u010dn\u00e9 trovy a\u00a0odpusti\u0165 nevym\u00e1hate\u013en\u00e9 \u010diastky, no z\u00edskal by t\u00fdm odbremenenie s\u00fadnych org\u00e1nov<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa za\u0165a\u017eovan\u00e9 ve\u013ek\u00fdm mno\u017estvom star\u00fdch exeku\u010dn\u00fdch konan\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

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