Several factors determine the rate you'll be offered. Understanding each one helps you negotiate better terms and avoid overpaying.
Credit score: This is the primary driver. A score above 720 unlocks the best rates, while anything below 600 triggers subprime pricing. Even a 30-point improvement can drop your rate by a full percentage point or more.
Loan term: Shorter terms (36-48 months) generally come with lower rates than longer terms (60-72 months). A 72-month loan might seem attractive for the lower monthly payment, but you'll pay significantly more in interest over time.
Vehicle age and mileage: Lenders prefer newer used cars. A 2-3 year old vehicle with low mileage will typically qualify for better rates than a 7+ year old car with 100,000 miles. Some lenders won't finance vehicles older than 10 years at all.
Down payment: Putting 10% to 20% down reduces the lender's risk and often results in a lower rate. It also helps you avoid being "upside down" on the loan (owing more than the car is worth).
Lender type: Rates vary significantly between dealerships, banks, credit unions, and online lenders. Credit unions typically offer the lowest rates, often 1% to 2% below bank rates.
Debt-to-income ratio: If your existing monthly debt payments eat up a large chunk of your income, lenders may charge a higher rate to offset the risk.